What exactly is a “comprehensive eye exam”?

June 2, 2013

by Dr. Carla Bunn

Comprehensive . A simple word: one that might seem intuitive, without need for much explanation.  Yet I find that this single word seems to be one of the most confusing terms used in Optometric practice, despite the fact that we in the eye care industry use it on a routine basis.  At Mountain View Optometry we strongly believe in the value of regular comprehensive eye exams.

What, exactly, does ‘ comprehensive ’ mean? In my mind, there are 5 components that must be addressed for an eye exam to qualify as ‘comprehensive’.

 

Components of a comprehensive exam:


1)
History and ‘chief concern’: Looking into the past and present – Looking at each individual’s current and past eye and medical history, as well as the primary concern at the present time.  It serves as a template for the exam and guides the optometrist to other possible issues that may warrant increased awareness or further testing, given family history or other eye related/medical concerns.


2)
Refraction : The primary reason that many people visit their optometrist: to get a new prescription for glasses or contacts. What many may not know is that changes in prescription over time can alert a vigilant optometrist as to other possible concerns that need to be addressed (for example, a constantly changing eyeglass prescription in a patient with diabetes may be caused by changes in blood sugar level.  Or, a changing prescription in a contact lens wearer might be due to eye health problems from contact lens overwear).


3)
Eye Health:   A complete analysis of the overall health of each patient, with a focus on preventative care, checking for not only eye-related but other medical conditions (such as high blood pressure or diabetes), and treatment/referral if necessary.  At Mountain View Optometry we use high technology imaging equipment, such as optomap retinal scans or Canon digital photos, which are powerful tools since visual images can be used to track changes over time.


4)
Binocular vision and focusing assessment : Testing the eye’s ability to work together as a team, as well as ability to focus easily and quickly at various distances.  Problems in these areas can lead to eye strain, blurry vision or headaches in a youth or adult.  Problems with binocular vision in a child can lead to permanent impairment (“lazy eye”, for example) that are not always easy to detect by a parent or teacher.


5)
Follow up, referral and recall: Looking at the future – Each and every eye exam should include a summary of the optometrists’ recommendations, setting a guideline for further follow-up or referral as needed, and a recommendation for recall based on each person’s individual ocular needs.

 

Each and every full ocular examination at Mountain View incorporates the components as outlined above, with an emphasis on compassionate, patient centered care designed to enhance and protect the vision of each person that walks through our doors.

 

To conclude- another way to describe the term ‘ comprehensive eye exam would be my interpretation as follows: an examination of not only the ability for the eyes to see (a ‘sight test’), but a complete evaluation of the ability of the eyes to work together and an analysis of the health of the eyes and the body, focusing on the past, present and the future visual needs of each person.

 

– Dr. Carla Bunn

Close-up of a single eye with natural makeup and brown eyebrow on warm skin tone
By Tom Wilk August 26, 2026
Discover how Lumenis TRILIFT™ supports better blinking, dry eye comfort, and a refreshed appearance at Mountain View Optometry.
Boy in glasses writing at a desk, leaning forward with a focused expression.
By Tom Wilk August 26, 2026
Learn which myopia control treatment may be right for your child, from specialty contact lenses and Ortho-K to atropine eye drops.
Hands adjusting the arms of round black sunglasses on a white background
By Rosendo C August 26, 2026
Meet annu, our newest eyewear collection, featuring lightweight comfort, modern shapes, and German design.
Man wearing blue sunglasses and hiking gear on a rocky Maui coastline with ocean waves
By Rosendo C July 30, 2026
Explore Maui Jim Sunglasses for Spring-Summer 2026, featuring vibrant style, exceptional clarity, and all-day comfort for brighter days ahead.
Close-up of a freckled person with blonde hair wearing dark glasses, looking calmly at the camera.
By Rosendo C July 30, 2026
Twenty-six rolls of film capture the anticipation of 2026, reflecting the instinct, intensity, and creative vision of an independent brand.
By Tom Wilk July 28, 2026
Learn why buying eye drops online can be risky, from contamination and counterfeit products to poor storage, plus when to seek urgent eye care.
Woman on a phone, looking worried in a living room, with a red eye.
By Tom Wilk July 8, 2026
Eye emergency? Get fast, same-day care at Mountain View Optometry. Learn symptoms, what to do, and how to protect your vision.
Blue abstract water background with a transparent glass pane and water droplets on the right
By Rosendo C July 8, 2026
ZEISS CleanGuard is a new lens coating technology designed to make glasses easier to clean and more resistant to fingerprints, dust, and water.
Woman in sunglasses using a white cane on a sunny city sidewalk
By Tom Wilk June 25, 2026
Discover how Meta AI Glasses help people with low vision read text, identify surroundings, and navigate daily life with greater independence.
Two women discussing a small bottle in a salon with shelves of hair products behind them
By Tom Wilk June 24, 2026
Learn about tattoo-associated uveitis, a rare eye inflammation linked to tattoo ink reactions, and the symptoms that should prompt an eye exam.
Show More